Troubleshooting Motherboard

 Troubleshooting Motherboard
Introduction to Troubleshooting Motherboard:
Motherboard is often called the “heart” of a computer — it connects and coordinates every other component, from the CPU and RAM to storage drives and expansion cards. When it develops problems, the entire system can fail, leading to issues like no power, random crashes, or hardware not being detected.
Types of Troubleshooting Motherboard:
In a Troubleshooting Motherboard is to be have a Nine types. They are:
     1. Check the Power Supply
     2. Check the CPU
     3. Check the Memory 
     4. Check the Graphic Card
     5. Check the Monitor 
     6. Test with minimal components,isolating the possible cause
     7. Clear CMOS
     8. Buzzer to troubleshoot
     9. Q&A.
1.Check the Power Supply:
Please check if the connection of the power cord and electric socket are well connected as shown below. If there is a main power switch on the extension cord, please make sure it is switched on. If it still can't power on, please replace the extension cord or electric socket.
2. Check the CPU:

If you have confirmed your CPU supports on-board graphics, but still have no display, please try to re-install CPU and check if the CPU pin or CPU socket is dirty as below. If yes, please clean it and try again.
3.Check the Memory:
If it has no display when you install two or more memory, please check whether problem can be solved by installing only one memory . Then try to install the other memory to eliminate memory problem.
 Please replace your DRAM with the one on Memory support list(QVL list)
    You can refer to How to query Memory QVL list
Please try as [recommended memory configurations] in user manual of the motherboard:(Example: PRIME Z790-P WIFI)
Incorrect Case:
Correct Case:
4. Check the Graphic Card:
First, confirm whether the computer display is connected to the CPU's integrated display output port (internal display) or an output port on an independent graphics card (external display)
CPU integrated display output port (internal display): HDMI/DP PORT CPU internal display output
Independent display card output port (external display): HDMI/DP PORT CPU independent display card output.
5. Check the Monitor:
Please make sure monitor is powerd on normally and check the indicator light of monitor is on to ensure the power cable of the monitor is connected correctly. Make sure the external power cable is powerd on normally as shown below. Please try to switch on, switch off and switch on the power of the socket, check if monitor can display. If you switch off and switch on the monitor, monitor shows ''no signal''，it indicates the monitor is powerd on normally.
6.Test with minimal components,isolating the possible cause:
If the above solutions still cause a no display issue, please follow the instructions below to remove all external devices and verify again.
a. Leave the CPU, CPU cooling fan, one memory card, power supply, and graphics card connected to the motherboard.
b. Remove all the USB devices and external cards from the motherboard, including the mouse, keyboard, USB flash disk, SSD, external PCI-E Cards, etc.
c. Remove all the cables connected to the Motherboard ,including LAN cables, audio cables. Only leave one monitor connected to verify the display.
d. Then try to re-boot the computer. If it can power on normally, the problem may be from the removed external devices. Re-connect the external device one by one until you find which external device or cable causes the problem.
7.Clear CMOS:
How to Clear CMOS
Clear CMOS clears the Real Time Clock (RTC) random access memory in CMOS, which contains the date, time, BIOS password and BIOS setup parameters.

Currently there are 3 ways to clear CMOS as follows:  
1: Clear CMOS button       
2: CLRTC Pin       
3: Remove CMOS Battery       
Q&A: Q1: How to confirm the way of Clear CMOS supported by the MB is CLRTC pin or Clear CMOS button ?   
          Q2: Usage scenarios of Clear CMOS(Example: unstable/crash/freeze if overclock )    
 Part 1: Clear CMOS (CLR_CMOS) button
Power off the PC and remove the power cord.
Press the MB Clear CMOS or CLR_CMOS button for about 5~10 seconds, at this time that is to clear the real-time clock (RTC) random access memory. You can refer to below example about the Clear CMOS or CLR_CMOS button:       
(Example MB: ROG MAXIMUS Z790 APEX or Z790-AYW OC WIFI ).


8.Buzzer to troubleshoot:
To provide you more detailed instruction, you can also click ASUS Youtube video link below to know more about ASUS motherboard troubleshooting via Q-LED indicators.
To confirm if the key parts (CPU, DRAM, Graphics Card, HDD/SSD) are functioning as normal during the startup, you can check if the Q-LED light of the motherboard is always ON.

9.Q&A:
Q1. My computer boots normally, but the screen is blank. 
A1: You can refer to the official FAQ: LCD Screen Troubleshooting - Screen Black/Black/No Power/Power Light On/Off
 
Q2. What should I do if the display cable won't plug into the motherboard's HDMI or Display Port? 
A2.1. Check that the cable is plugged into the correct connector. 
     2. Check the connector for any foreign objects or damage to the pin corners. Remove any foreign objects. If the pin corners are bent or damaged, we recommend sending the system for repair.
Conclusion:
 Troubleshooting a motherboard short requires careful inspection and systematic testing. Identifying burnt components, unusual heating, or shorted circuits helps locate the fault. Using tools like a multimeter and power supply tester ensures accurate diagnosis. With proper steps, the issue can be resolved efficiently, restoring the system’s normal operation.  

 CREATED BY:
 VIKASH C 
 NILESH G P 
 2nd BSC(COMPUTER SCIENCE)
 SRI RAMAKRISHNA MISSION VIDYALAYA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE 
COIMBATORE 
TAMILNADU     
                                                    


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